Hyperpigmentation typically appears on areas of skin that are regularly exposed to the sun such as the face. hands, neck and collate. It results in flat, darkened patches of skin that can vary in size and color.

The primary trigger for Melasma is hormonal, but the sun can increase the process and make the condition worse. Melasma appears as larger patches of hyperpigmentation mainly on the cheeks, forehead and above the lips. It is particularly common among women, and occurs in 10-15 percent of pregnant women and in 10-25 percent of women taking oral contraceptives.